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What is internet? What you Should Know

The internet has so many definitions ranging from simple to complex. A layman would say that the internet is the wider network that allows computer networks around the world run by companies, governments, universities, and other organizations to talk to one another. The Internet is a global network of billions of computers and other electronic devices. With the internet, it’s possible to access almost any information, communicate with anyone else in the world, and do much more. The result is a mass of cables, computers, data centers, routers, servers, repeaters, satellites, and wifi towers that allows digital information to travel around the world. It is that body that allows you to share your pictures on Facebook, order items on Amazon, email your Dad in Huawei, and search the web for the definition of obscure words and explanation of terms.

The  internet is enormous in such a way that about five exabytes a day move around the world per second. That’s equivalent to 40,000 two-hour standard definition movies per second. It makes use of coaxial cables, optic fibers, and radio waves for its transmission across the Earth. The cables range from the 80-mile Dublin to Anglesey connection to the 12,000-mile Asia-America Gateway, which links California to Singapore, Hong Kong, and other places in Asia. Major cables serve a staggering number of people. In 2008, damage to two marine cables near the Egyptian port of Alexandria affected tens of millions of internet users in Africa, India, Pakistan, and the Middle East.

Speaking of energy the internet uses to function, specifically, the Chinese telecoms firm Huawei estimates that the information and communications technology (ICT) industry could use 20% of the world’s electricity and release more than 5% of the world’s carbon emissions by 2025. The study’s author, Anders Andrae, said the coming "tsunami of data" was to blame.

In 2016, the US government’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory estimated that American data centers – facilities where computers store, process, and share information – might need 73bn kWh of energy in 2020. That’s approximately the output of 10 Hinkley Point B nuclear power stations.

World Wide Web

The web is certainly a way to view and share information over the internet. That information, be it text, music, photos or videos, or whatever, is written on web pages served up by a web browser.

Google handles more than 60,000 searches per second, and has 65% of the global browser market through Chrome. There are nearly 2.5bn websites in existence but most are hardly visited. The top 0.1% of websites (roughly 6m) attract more than half of the world’s web traffic.

Among they are Google, YouTube, Facebook, the Chinese site Baidu, Instagram, Yahoo, Twitter, the Russian social network VK.com, Wikipedia, and Amazon. The rise of apps mean that for many people, being on the internet today is less about browsing the open web than getting more focused information: news, messages, weather forecasts, and videos.

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